It is well know that Imam Ali had inherited the vast knowledge of the prophet through being raised under him for much of his life. It is also well known that in many instances Imam Ali was quick to point out the sheer ignorance that Umar had when it came to Islamic law. Below is one such instance where Imam Ali saved an innocent woman’s life from the clutches of Umar. This exemplifies the superiority of Imam Ali in knowledge. As we know, he is called the “Gate to the city of Knowledge”.
Imam Ahmad Hanbal
It was narrated that a woman who had committed zina was brought to Umar bin Al-Khattab and he ordered that she be stoned. They took her to stone her, and were met by Ali (A.S ) who said: what is this? they said: she committed zina, and Umar bin Al-Khattab ordered that she be stoned. Ali (A.S) took her from them and send them back. They went back to Umar, who said: why have you come back? They said: Ali (A.S) sent us back , he said: Ali (A.S) had only done this because of something he knows. So he sent for Ali (A.S), who was somewhat angry. He said: why did you send these people back? He said: Didn't you hear the messenger of Allah say, the pen has been lifted (meaning it is not a recorded as a sin) from three: from the sleeper until he wakes up, from the minor until he grows up, from the insane until he comes to his senses. Umar said : yes I did, Ali (A.S) said: this is the insane woman of the tribe of banu so and so, perhaps he came to her when she was in that state. Umar said: I do not know. He (again) said : I do not know. He then did not stone her.
Hadith is Sahih according to Ahmad Shaker Musnad Ahmad's researcher
Sunni reference: Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal, Hadith1327, Volume 2, page # 148
English reference: Musnad Ahmad Bin Hanbal, Hadith 1328, Volume 1, page # 600
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