The Prophet (s) when distributing the shares of the spoils from Hunayn/Khaibar denied even a single portion to the clan of Uthman (Bani Abd Shams) and Jubair ibn Mutim (Bani Nufail) because they abandoned him during the Jahiliyyah period or during Islam. And because of the continued loyalty of Bani Mutallib/Bani Hashim (the ancestors of the Imams of Ahlulbayt) they as clans were both considered the most superior of subclass of the clan of Quraysh!
It is clear from this that Bani Mutallib (the ancestral clan of the Imams of Ahlulbayt) are far superior (granted eminence as the hadith says) to the rest of Quraysh! With this in mind, the hadith of the 12 successors/princes/califs being from the Quraish more strongly indicates it is referring to men from the lineage of Banu Mutallib and NOT from the other sub-clans that include Uthman ibn Affan. Thus, with this understanding it seems impossible that the narrative of some of the confused Sunnis, that the 12 successors refers to the Rashidun Caliphs (including Uthman) is correct.
If the prophet (s) did not entrust the clan Banu Shams (the eventual Ummayyad clan) with the privilege of war booty, how inconceivable is it then that he would entrust them with the successorship of the Ummah (Khilafat) LOL
Additionally, our proposed understanding strengthens and corroborates a hadith from Musnad Ahmed which says that Imam Ali (as) regarding the verse [13:7] <<You ˹O Prophet˺ are only a warner. And every people had a guide.>> Said:
Narrated from Ibn Abbas: When (13:7) was revealed, the Prophet (saww) placed his hand upon his chest and said, “I am the warner” and then moved his hand to the shoulder of Ali (as) and said, “And you are the guide O’Ali. Through you the guided ones will be guided after Me"
Lastly, nawasib can cry all they want about the chain of this Tafsir but in reality Sunni scholars are lenient in this genre of reports (Tafsir) because it is known that most Tafsir lack proper Isnaad in the first place! [Jonathan Brown]
Additionally, our proposed understanding strengthens and corroborates a hadith from Musnad Ahmed which says that Imam Ali (as) regarding the verse [13:7] <<You ˹O Prophet˺ are only a warner. And every people had a guide.>> Said:
"The Holy Prophet is the Warner, and the Guide is Man from Bani Hashim"
Further, it is known that the Guide mentioned here is strictly referring to none other than Imam Ali (as).
Narrated from Ibn Abbas: When (13:7) was revealed, the Prophet (saww) placed his hand upon his chest and said, “I am the warner” and then moved his hand to the shoulder of Ali (as) and said, “And you are the guide O’Ali. Through you the guided ones will be guided after Me"
[Source: Al-Kashf wa-l-bayān ʿan tafsīr al-Qurʾān (Tafseer al-Tha’labee), Vol. 5, Pg. 272]
You can find the authentication of the hadith here and here.
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